Whether you’re just starting out as a new business owner or you need to reevaluate your business structure, separating your business and personal finances is a must. (Remember, this post is for educational purposes only — for financial and tax advice related to your specific business, it’s a good idea to work with a reputable professional.)
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Personal asset exposure
As a business owner, establishing your business’ structure is critical for legal protection. Your business’s legal system determines your risk, liability, and tax responsibility. One of the main reasons business owners set up a corporation is to protect their personal assets.
However, even with that legal protection in place, if a client brings legal action against you and the court can’t clearly delineate between your business and personal finances, you may be held personally liable for business debts. Because of this, it’s imperative to separate your business and personal finances.
If your business and personal finances aren’t separate, your legal protections aren’t in effect, and the court can “pierce the corporate veil,” meaning your personal assets can be fair game for seizure. When this happens, creditors may go after your personal bank account, investments, home, or other assets to collect any unpaid business debt.
To avoid this scenario, you should maintain a separate business bank account and not use it for personal expenses. Similarly, you should never deposit cheques payable to the company into your personal account. By maintaining this formal legal separation between your business and personal accounts, you can safeguard your personal assets.
Taxes
If your business and personal finances are commingled, you could run into trouble come tax time. While the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) allows you to deduct business expenses such as travel and office supplies, if you make those purchases with your personal account, it can be harder (and take longer) for your accountant to verify them.
Not only that, but if your business is audited by the CRA, they’ll need to verify the business expenses you’re claiming. If your finances aren’t separate, chances are they’ll audit both your business and personal records, and they’ll have a more challenging time validating business expenses.
Easier bookkeeping
Initially, it may seem like a pain to set up a separate business chequing account, but it saves time and headaches in the future. By having an account dedicated to your business, you have a clearer picture of your business cash flow, and you can track expenses more efficiently (rather than having to dig through your personal account to decipher business-related transactions).
To make your bookkeeping even easier, it’s worth looking into accounting software to track and reconcile your business expenses. Square partner, QuickBooks, can connect to your business chequing account, so all transactions are automatically imported and categorized.
Financing
While your business might not be at a point where a loan is necessary, it’s possible you’ll need to apply for one as your business grows. When that time comes, lenders will need to evaluate your business and personal finances. However, if those accounts aren’t separate, lenders may have a hard time getting an accurate read on your company’s financial status and, therefore, your ability to pay back a loan.
Peace of mind
Of course, there are obvious legal and financial benefits to separating your business and personal finances, but on top of these, having a clearer picture of your company’s financial state can bring you peace of mind. When your finances are separate, your bookkeeping is clean, and you have a better idea of where you stand.
Having a clear picture of your finances also helps to ensure you don’t run into surprises once tax time rolls around.
Where to begin
If you haven’t already separated your finances, you may be wondering where to start. Here’s a list of the crucial steps you can take to officially establish your business as a separate legal entity (finances and all).